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Study and characterization of organic substances in a biochar sample
Vojáčková, Beáta ; Kalina, Michal (referee) ; Enev, Vojtěch (advisor)
This bachelor thesis characterizes biochar from a physico-chemical point of view. The theoretical part deals with biochar as a soil conditioner, its properties, use, production, and last but not least, effect of its sorroundings. For better characterization of organic and inorganic matter a phosphate buffer was used. This buffer ensures their specific extraction due to a neutral pH. The second path is to use rainwater, which simulates the condition of the soil environment. In the experimental part are discussed both; purified buffer-extracted samples and rainwater samples, which were studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), elemental analysis (EA) and by infrared spectroscopy with Fouier transform (FTIR-ATR). Conductivity and pH were also measured. Moisture and ash content, which represent the inorganic non-combustible fraction, were determined using thermogravimetry. The extraction yields were converted to ashless wt. % based on these values. Results of EA provided us with information on the content of biogenic elements and basic physico-chemical characteristics of biochar. In contrast, the FTIR method defined the presence of individual functional groups and specific constitutive units, which are present in the extracts. This information allows us to better understand the environmental impact of biochar on the soil ecosystem.
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Study and characterization of organic substances in a biochar sample
Vojáčková, Beáta ; Kalina, Michal (referee) ; Enev, Vojtěch (advisor)
This bachelor thesis characterizes biochar from a physico-chemical point of view. The theoretical part deals with biochar as a soil conditioner, its properties, use, production, and last but not least, effect of its sorroundings. For better characterization of organic and inorganic matter a phosphate buffer was used. This buffer ensures their specific extraction due to a neutral pH. The second path is to use rainwater, which simulates the condition of the soil environment. In the experimental part are discussed both; purified buffer-extracted samples and rainwater samples, which were studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), elemental analysis (EA) and by infrared spectroscopy with Fouier transform (FTIR-ATR). Conductivity and pH were also measured. Moisture and ash content, which represent the inorganic non-combustible fraction, were determined using thermogravimetry. The extraction yields were converted to ashless wt. % based on these values. Results of EA provided us with information on the content of biogenic elements and basic physico-chemical characteristics of biochar. In contrast, the FTIR method defined the presence of individual functional groups and specific constitutive units, which are present in the extracts. This information allows us to better understand the environmental impact of biochar on the soil ecosystem.
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